The promise of waste-based second-generation ethanol has yet to materialize. The only notable bright spot is Brazil, which offers the clearest commercial template for 2G ethanol.
Japan’s road transport transition is often framed as a contest between battery-electric vehicles and the internal combustion engine. In practice, the decision facing conservative Japanese motorists looks more complicated.
Vietnam’s latest increase in biofuel sales reflects more than short-term demand movement. It marks a stronger execution phase in the country’s transport fuel policy.
Thailand’s latest fuel price increase underscores the limits of the country’s long-used Oil Fuel Fund and highlights the lack of a settled long-term framework for alternative fuels.
